Complete biography of Karimov

The author of the photo, Getty on September 2, Islam Karimov, the first, only and permanent president of Uzbekistan, was elected to this post another year, having adopted the presidential title to the first of the heads of the Soviet republics. Human rights activists accused him of massive human rights violations, calling one of the most authoritarian rulers of the world.

Declaring the fight against the Islamic threat, Karimov brutally suppressed the political opposition, forcing the opponents to either leave the country, or sending them to prisons for imprisonment. Under Karimov, many large Soviet enterprises ceased to work, in the last years of its reign, gas and electricity were supplied with interruptions, the national currency of Suma remained unstable.

At the same time, Uzbekistan is rich in natural resources, exports oil and gas, and is also included in the five largest cotton manufacturers. In the explored reserves of gold, the country is in fourth place in the world, and in the level of production - in the ninth. The Soviet technocrat from the shelter Biographical information about the First President of Uzbekistan in official sources is represented scarce.

Further, it is reported that in the year Karimov graduated from the Central Asian Polytechnic Institute in Tashkent with a degree in mechanical engineer, and six years later he was already a leading design engineer at the Tashkent Aviation Production Association named after Chkalov. However, the detailed research conducted by journalist Bruce Pannir on the order of the Institute of the Middle East at the Columbia University found that most of the childhood of Islam Karimov was held in the orphanage.

His father in the documents indicated the handyman Abdugani Karimov, who was imprisoned two years before the birth of Islam for an unknown reason. Sources diverge in who could be the biological father of Karimov: his name is unknown, however, according to some reports, he could be a Tajik or a Jew. Karimov’s political opponents, both religious and secular, actively used this graph in Karimov’s biography in order to achieve its overthrow.

Islam Karimov was given to the orphanage at the age of three, when Abdugani Karimov left prison, but the Second World War soon began, when the orphanages disbanded the orphanages, and the parents took the child home. At the age of seven, Islam was again returned to the shelter where he stayed until adulthood. Some observers explain the cruel, despicable character of Karimov with heavy ups and downs of his shelter childhood.

In the year, he married Natalya Petrovna Kuchmi, the couple had a son Peter, but soon the couple divorced. In the year, Karimov married a second time to Tatyana Akbarovna, half Tajichka - half Russian, who at that time worked as a junior researcher at the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. The couple had two daughters - Gulnara and Lola. Having risen to the post of First Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Commission, Karimov in the year became the Minister of Finance of Uzbekistan.

In the year he headed the state plan, a few months later he received a new appointment and became the first secretary of the Kashkadarya regional committee of the CPSU. The author of the photo, None by the President of Uzbekistan Karimov was elected at a session of the Supreme Council of Uzbekistan on March 24 - nine days after Mikhail Gorbachev was elected in Moscow for the presidential post.

The Constitution of Uzbekistan says that the same person cannot be the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for more than two in a row. However, Islam Karimov headed the country permanently since the year. How did he succeed? It is believed that the first time the president of independent Uzbekistan Karimov was elected in December, when the popular elections of the head of state passed.

The term of stay in power, thus, was supposed to expire in the year. However, the year before, a referendum was held in the country, which extended the presidential powers of Karimov up to a year. The second presidential term Karimov, respectively, began in the year, when he was again elected to the highest post. The author of the photo, Reuters but only two years passed, and another referendum was held in Uzbekistan, which increased the deadline for the presidency from five to seven years.

The people were announced that after the referendum, it all starts with a clean sheet and the previous terms of Karimov are not considered in power. Thus, Karimov received the right again "for the first time" to run for the presidency, and in the year he was again elected head of state. Human rights Karimov were considered one of the most cruel dictators of the world. Since the year in Uzbekistan, censorship has officially existed.

With the development of the Internet, the country began to block news sites and social networks, in particular, "Living Journal". Human rights activists accused the regime of torture and inhuman handling with the arrested and prisoners. The most serious incident of this kind during the years of Karimov’s reign was the dispersal of the demonstration in the city of Andijan on May 13 of the year, when the unarmed crowd was surrounded by government forces and soldiers opened fire.

According to official figures, a person died.Karimov said that there was an attempt to raise an Islamic uprising, claiming that no one had given the order, and accused the West and large media, including the Air Force, of assistance of preparing a failed uprising. For several months after the Andijan execution, dozens of international organizations and journalists were expelled from Uzbekistan.

In the year, Uzbekistan joined the CIS Collective Security Treaty, but in the year he left it. In the year, Uzbekistan entered the Shanghai organization of cooperation, and in the same year supported NATO operation in Afghanistan, allowing the United States to open a transshipment military base in the country. After the West demanded a complete and objective investigation of the Andijan events, Karimov went to rapprochement with Moscow, having entered a number of international organizations, the leader of which is Russia, but in the year he suspended his country's membership in the EU EU ECECU, and in the CSTO.

A long -term struggle for leadership in Central Asia, which Karimov led with the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev, according to most experts, ended not in favor of Karimov - mainly due to the deplorable state of the Uzbek economy. Some observers saw the eldest daughter Gulnara, a graduate of Harvard University, as a possible successor, but others indicated that Gugusha is a pseudonym, under which Gulnara acted as a pop diva, is too an uniform -dodium person for such a conservative country as Uzbekistan.

In addition, in the year she was involved in corruption in connection with the activities of the Finnish-Swedish telecommunications giant Teliasonera, and then the Uzbek authorities deprived her of diplomatic immunity after the scandal with the searches of her real estate in France. This was followed by house arrest, and in the year the Uzbek prosecutor’s office accused Karimov of belonging to a criminal group that stole $ 65 million from the state.

Her disgrace was associated with the fact that Gulnara quarreled with her mother and younger sister, whom she accused of black magic, as well as with rivalry for power from the head of the Uzbek special services Rustem Inoyatov. Read also.