Igor Kudrin biography

Kudrin, Alexey, former Minister of Finance and Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Kudrin, Alexey, former Minister of Finance and Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, former Minister of Finance and Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation. The post of Minister of Finance occupied from for a year, in the years combined him with the post of Deputy Prime Minister.

Dean of the Faculty of Free Arts and Sciences of St. Petersburg State University since the year. He worked at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. He lived in the Baltic states, in the north and in Transbaikalia. In the year, having arrived from Arkhangelsk, he entered the evening department of the Faculty of Economics of the Leningrad State University and got a job at the Academy of Logistics and Transport - at the department of operation of army vehicles performed the duties of a mechanic, and then a driving instructor [].

At the institute, Kudrin was studying theoretical problems of the development of the Soviet economy []. A year later he transferred to the daily department, there he met Andrei Illarionov, the future adviser of the President of the Russian Federation. Since then, Kudrin, according to the media, maintained close personal relations with him []. At the university, he studied at the military department, took place in the artillery troops [7].

Then he met Anatoly Chubais - an assistant professor from the engineering and economic institute. Kudrin was a member of the group of economists led by Chubais, who developed issues related to the creation of a zone of free entrepreneurship []. In the year, Kudrin graduated from graduate school of the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR [], [] and defended his thesis on the topic "Objective mechanism of comparability in the relations of economic competition" [].

At the end of the x, Kudrin headed a group of young scientists who fought for the election of the new director of the Institute of Social and Economic Problems. According to the newspaper "Moscow News", Kudrin then offered the director's post to Yegor Gaidar, and then Alexander Shokhin, both for various reasons refused. The third proposal was made by Chubais, and he accepted him, but in the second round of elections for the post of director he no longer participated [], [].

In the year, Kudrin became deputy chairman of the Committee on Economic Reform under the Leningrad Executive Committee of the Committee Head of the Committee [], []. In the year, he became deputy chairman of the Committee on the Management of the Leningrad Free Entrepreneurship Zone. Kudrin soon met and established friendly relations []. In years, Kudrin served as deputy chairman of the Committee for Economic Development of the St.

Petersburg City Hall. In the year he headed the financial committee of the St. Petersburg City Hall.

In the year he was appointed First Deputy Mayor of St. Petersburg and chairman of the Committee of Economics and Finance []. In the year, Kudrin entered the fight against another vice -mayor - Vladimir Yakovlev, who was responsible for the state of the urban economy []. Yakovlev sought an increase in allocations in the sphere subordinate to him, and Kudrin refused him, referring to the lack of funds [].

The media claim that Kudrin refused to almost everyone, for which he received the nickname "Mr. No" []. Kudrin managed to ousting several people of Yakovlev [] from the apparatus of the City Hall, however, the scandal caused by the accident on the Kirovsko-Zorgsk metro, complicated the position of Kudrin in the year of Kudrin, by order of the head of the city administration Anatoly Sobchak, transferred a considerable amount from the article “Construction and reconstruction of the metro” to the organization of goodwill games [], [].

In the spring, Kudrin, along with Putin, led Sobchak’s campaign for elections for the post of governor of St. Petersburg []. After the defeat of Sobchak in the election of the year, Kudrin resigned and moved to Moscow. The mayor of Leningrad was then elected Yakovlev []. In the summer of the year, Kudrin became Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of the President at that time headed by Chubais.

Kudrin also headed the Main Control Department of the Presidential Administration of Russia. With the advent of Kudrin, the State Property Committee conducted a series of demonstration checks in the regions in particular, in Primorye, promising to hardly punish the violators, but soon this activity came to naught []. Leaving the post of deputy head of the presidential administration, Kudrin recommended Vladimir Putin to his place.

His recommendations were taken into account [], [], []. In May, Kudrin was appointed deputy manager from the Russian Federation at the IMF International Monetary Fund, held this position in April. In the same month, he was appointed deputy manager from the Russian Federation in the European Bank for the reconstruction and development of the EBRD, worked in this post for March [], [].

In the year, Kudrin also became a state secretary - First Deputy Minister of Finance of Russia []. The post of head of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation then held Chubais. But after the resignation of the Minister in the fall of the year, Kudrin did not receive a promotion []. He held this position until September 25 []. In early January of the year, Kudrin turned to the Prime Minister with a request for resignation due to disagreements on the issue of redistribution of functions within the Ministry of Finance of Russia.Since July, Kudrin was entrusted with the performance of the duties of the state secretary - First Deputy Minister of Finance of Russia [].

Kudrin also coordinated the work of fiscal services and economic policy in the government. In accordance with the new distribution of duties in the Government, an order of April 28, oversaw issues of forecasting the country's economic and social development, state financial planning, tax and credit and money policy []. In addition to forecasting and planning, Kudrin’s management also included issues of tax policy, pursuing a single credit and money policy, currency regulation and currency control, the introduction of a Russian ruble as an international payment agent, customs and tariff policy, development and execution of the federal budget, inter-budgetary relations and budget federalism, optimization of budget expenditures, as well as oppositions legalization of income received by criminal means [].

As the Minister of Finance, Kudrin, together with representatives of the ATP, proposed and lobbled a decrease in various taxes, in particular, reducing income tax, and achieved the abolition of sales tax. Under Kudrin, the budget began to pass through the State Duma almost without corrections. At the same time, the minister almost always resisted attempts to increase budget expenses, and once even stated that it was necessary to reduce the number of state employees.

There were no noticeable troubles for Kudrin after such a radical statement []. As the head of the Ministry of Finance, Kudrin made a number of ambiguous statements. So, on January 4, on the eve of the visit of the Federal Chancellor of Germany, Gerhard Shreder, Kudrin, allegedly, without the knowledge of the President of Russia, told reporters that at the beginning of the new millennium Russia would not pay on Soviet debts.

Foreign investors responded to this message violently. In particular, the state secretary of the German finance minister Kayo Koch-Veszer threatened to block the participation of Russia in the "Big Eight". In April of the same year, Kudrin made a business trip to the United States. According to a number of media outlets, American politicians liked him, seeming to them more controlled and predictable than the then Minister of Economic Development German Gref.

According to the media sources in the government apparatus, Gref persistently objected to the appointment of Kudrin, and Putin listened to his opinion, allegedly at the insistence of Gref, the former Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin was appointed ambassador to Kyiv []. In March, Abramov became Prime Minister of Chechnya [], in February he left this post [].

On the eve of the presidential election of the year, Kudrin, along with other members of the government, Mikhail Kasyanov, was dismissed. At the same time, Kudrin lost his position of Deputy Prime Minister. According to the media, since that time, Kudrin and Gref found a common language - they were united by a negative attitude towards Fradkov []. In the government of Fradkov, Kudrin has become one of the main ideologists of "pumping" of tax revenues from regions to the center.

Justifying his position, he usually talked about different levels of regional income. However, the media claimed that the subsidized regions were forced to beg money from the Minister of Finance []. At the end of November, Kudrin was included in the government commission on investment projects of national importance. This commission was created to select projects that were supposed to be financed at the expense of the investment fund.

The commission also included the head of the Federal Antimonopoly Service Igor Artemyev, Minister of Agriculture Alexei Gordeev, head of the Ministry of Health and Social Development Mikhail Zurabov, Minister of Information and Communications Leonid Reiman, Minister of Education and Science Andrei Fursenko, Minister of Regional Development Vladimir Yakovlev. The commission was headed by the head of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia German Gref [], [].

In January, on the eve of the Big Eight summit in St. Petersburg, Kudrin made a business trip to the United States, related to the chairmanship of Russia in this elite political club. In Washington, he called journalists the main topics that Russia would like to draw the attention of members of the Eight: energy security, including stability of energy support, medicine and education [].

During the preliminary meeting of the Ministers of Finance, the participants of the Big Eight, held in Moscow in February, the head of the Ministry of Finance managed to convince his foreign colleagues that the financial situation in Russia in recent years has improved significantly. This was especially noted in the final communique signed by the heads of financial departments, and, according to their assessment, it was supposed to facilitate Moscow early repayment of the debt to the Parisian club of creditors.

Thus, one of the main obstacles to the full-format work of Russia in the club of world leaders [] before that Russia was allowed to discuss only political issues, but not financial and economic.In June, in St. Petersburg, the financial eight was first gathered in full force, with the participation of the Russian minister []. In January, the media mentioned the name Kudrin in connection with a claim filed in the American court by the minority shareholders of the Russian oil company Yukos.

It was reported that Kudrin was awarded a lawsuit during his trip to Washington - the same as in October the Russian Energy Minister Viktor Khristenko. There are 12 plaintiffs in the lawsuit of 10 US citizens, a citizen of the Netherlands and a corporation registered in the Kaiman Islands - the Russian government, a number of Russian oil and gas companies, including Gazprom, as well as nine private individuals, among whom were Kudrin and Khristenko, in the fact that their actions were deprived of the owners of the depository certificates of the Yukos expected Arrived, assuring the public that Moscow does not intend to nationalize Yukos.

Kudrin categorically refuted the information about the receipt of any similar documents []. In August, Kudrin intervened in a scandal that arose due to a malfunction of the Unified State Automated EGAIS information system. The system designed to automate state control over the volume of production and turnover of alcoholic beverages did not start work on time.

Initially, the fault for what happened was assigned to the Federal Tax Service of the Federal Tax Service, which was unacceptable for the approval of the terms of technical assignment to prepare programs for the system. In the memorandum in the name of Fradkov, Kudrin assigned the “alcoholic crisis” to six departments that introduced the system: the Ministry of Agriculture was the first to delay the signing of the necessary regulatory acts, the Ministry of Economic Development, the FSB, customs, the tax department and the Ministry of Finance itself [].

In June, Kudrin introduced the Government Commission on Budget Design of New budget parameters for a year. The minister proposed limiting the growth of state expenses necessary to fulfill the promises of the president, that is, the expenditure part of the budget was increased by billions of rubles, while another billions were required. The commission approved this version of the document [].

In mid -August, Kudrin presented the draft federal budget to the entire government of Russia. This was the first “non -gas budget” in several years - that is, a budget in which 2.8 percent of GDP was limited from oil exports. Such a restriction, according to Kudrin, would have to talk about at least relative raw material independence of the Russian economy [99].

Presenting the document, Kudrin explained that in the years the budget, in principle, could not be reversed without petrodollars, however, in his opinion, Russia already spends too many oil and gas revenues. In this regard, the Ministry of Finance proposed a significant part of the income from oil and gas exports to sterilize, that is, it was proposed to allocate a reserve part and future generations or a certain “oil and gas fund” to the stabilization fund, which was proposed to be created specifically for the accumulation of oil and gas revenues.

The government approved the draft document [98], [99], and the State Duma adopted it [93]. At the end of August, Kudrin introduced the government the “methodology for the formation of the non -infegase balance of the budget of Russia”, according to which Russia will be able to gradually get rid of oil and gas dependence if it allocates all the receipts from the sale of oil and gas to a separate fund [97].

The prime minister substantiated his request by the desire to provide the president with freedom of personnel decisions on the eve of the parliamentary and presidential elections [86]. Putin accepted the resignation, asking the prime minister and other ministers to temporarily fulfill his duties [87]. The president put forward Victor Zubkov [88], [85], on September 14, the appointment was approved by the State Duma [84].

In particular, a new, fifth in a row, the post of Deputy Prime Minister was created. He, in addition to his ministerial portfolio, received Kudrin [83], [82]. In March, the first deputy prime minister of Russia Dmitry Medvedev [77] won the presidential election, [78] his candidacy was nominated in December by a number of political parties in the country, including United Russia, and supported by President Putin [79], [80], [81].

In accordance with the Constitution of the country, on the same day, the government put its powers [75], after which the new president of the country signed a decree "On the Adjustment of the Government of the Russian Federation", entrusting the cabinet members, including Kudrin, to continue to act until the formation of the new government of Russia. Medvedev signed the corresponding decree on the same day [74].