Guchkovs biography

Soloviev Guchkov Alexander Ivanovich from the merchant family of the Old Believer religion. He graduated from the 2nd Moscow gymnasium with a gold medal; B-historical and philological faculty of Moscow University. He departed military service as a free-determining 1st label-grenadier Yekaterinoslav regiment. From the honorary magistrate in Moscow. He listened to lectures on history, state, international law, political economy, labor legislation in Berlin, Tubingen, and Vienna universities.

At this time, G. participated in the campaign to fight hunger in, being in the staff of the Nizhny Novgorod governor, he headed food in Lukoyanovsky. In the member of the Moscow City Council. He visited the Ottoman Empire during the Armenian pogroms. In the vowel of the Moscow City Duma. He traveled to Tibet. He participated in the Anglo-Broke War on the side of the Burov.

He was wounded and captured by the British. He visited Macedonia during the Ilinden uprising. In during the Russo-Japanese War-a representative of the Moscow City Duma and the chief of the Russian Society of the Red Cross and the Committee of the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fedorovna. During the retreat of the Russian army, he remained with the wounded in Japanese captivity.

To the manager of the Moscow accounting bank, a member of the Councils of the St. Petersburg accounting and loan banks, the Russian insurance company, the partnership of A. Suvorin "New Time". He participated in zemstvo and city congresses. In October, he participated in negotiations with S. Witte about the creation of the “Constitutional Cabinet”. In November - December, he was present at Tsarskoye Selo meetings, where the future electoral legislation was discussed.

One of the founders of the Union party on October 17. With the chairman of her Central Committee. For the first time, he met with P. Stolypin on April 27 at the apartment of his brother of the latter - journalist A. During the conversation, P. Stolypin expressed his approval by the political speeches of G. subsequently connected their friendly relations.

He came from another environment, but, by some special sensitivity, he understood that the interests of the peasant population in our country should be dominant. Everything else should be occupied by the position of the situation in relation to them ”the party“ Union on October 17 ”: protocols of the third congress, conferences and meetings of the Central Committee of the GG.

In July, Stolypin suggested G. Gateen, A. Koni, N. Lvov to join the formed government as a minister of trade and industry. According to G., in addition, during the personal conversation of A. Guchkov and N. Lvov and Nicholas II, it became clear that the emperor was not ready for a fundamental change in the political course, which deprived the participation of public figures in the government.

As a result, G. At the same time, even then, G. Petersburg or rather Peterhof impressions completely finished me. No glee, no hope in the near future. We go towards even more severe shocks. And what else brings some conciliatory feeling is the consciousness that there are no innocent, that all the victims of the upcoming catastrophe bear their guilt, that a great act of historical justice is performed.

Indeed, it is a pity of individuals, it’s a pity to be painful, but not a sorry for the totality of these persons, entire classes, the whole system ... And then I just want to step aside ”Garf. In August, unlike many representatives of the liberal public, he supported the introduction of military fields, believing that this measure is necessary to establish a legal order in the country.

In December, he participated in the creation of the newspaper Voice of Moscow. From May to October, a member of the State Council. He insisted on the need to dissolve the II Duma, as well as all its subsequent convocations, until a capable majority is formed, ready for a constructive dialogue with the government. But we cannot welcome him and rejoice at how our neighbors do it on the right, because we consider it a great misfortune for the country that the government and the monarch were forced to resort to the act on June 3, which is a coup.

On the other hand, it is sad that this act is a necessity ”the Union of the IISTS Party: the protocols of the III Congress, conferences and meetings of the Central Committee of the GG. Since October, the deputy of the III State Duma from G. headed the Fraction of the “Union of October 17”. Being the chairman of the State Defense Commission, G. at the plenary meeting on May 27 opposed the dominance of the Grand Dukes in the country of military administration of the country: “their relations to other equal authorities of military administration, their attitude towards their superiors, undoubtedly bear the imprint of their social status and the related actual irresponsibility.” The State Duma.

Convocation III. Session I. Stenographic reports. Together with P. Stolypin G. to the chairman of the Duma. He resigned the powers of the chairman in connection with the implementation of the Law on Zemstvo in six provinces of the West Territory in an extremely order order.

He insisted on the need to vote against this bill, thereby emphasizing his rejection of the illegal actions of the government. However, I did not find support among most of the Octobrists.Nevertheless, not wanting to personally participate in the attacks on P. Stolypin when discussing requests for the application of 87 tbsp. Basic laws, in April - May he is a representative of the Russian Red Cross Society in Manchuria to combat the plague epidemic in Russian colonies.

He met in St. Petersburg with P. Stolypin a few days before the death of the latter. They talked about the closest environment of the emperor, which, according to Stolypin, discredited the personality of the king and undermined the basis of order in Russia. In the fall of G. But nevertheless, we do not have a unifying soul. Despite good words, many have no trust in the prime minister.

I would like them to be mistaken. And personally, I have neither faith nor hunting to work. ”Garf. During the election campaign in the IV, the State Duma was opposition to the current government. He considered it necessary to conclude election agreements with the cadets. He lost the elections in Moscow. Since the beginning of the First World War, the specialized Russian Society of the Red Cross at the front.

In July, he headed the Central Military-Industrial Committee. He was a member of a special meeting to discuss and unite the measures on the defense of the state. Since September, a member of the State Council. He entered the progressive block. He negotiated among public figures and officers about the possibility of a palace coup and the creation of a responsible government.

Shulgin accepted the abdication of Nicholas II from the throne. In March - April the military and marine minister as part of the Provisional Government. In May, he headed the "Society of the Economic Renaissance of Russia." In August, a member of the state meeting. In September, a member of the Provisional Council of the Russian Republic of the Pre -Parliament. He participated in the financing of the Volunteer Army.

In the spring he was negotiating with R. Poincare and W. Churchill about the support of the white movement. In August, he came to Crimea for negotiations with P. in exile lived in Berlin, then in Paris.