Levitan biography Description

Isaac Ilyich Levitan - GG. He was called the singer of Russian nature. The Russian landscape is very good at Levitan. He was given somehow especially calling. His silence is especially sad. His open spaces speak of the pristine nature of nature. In his canvases there are a lot of personal loneliness alone with nature and Russia. The future artist was born in the village of Kibarta of the Kovensky province on the western border of the Russian Empire, in the family of a poor station caretaker.

He lived among those who were engaged in usury and trade. He lived in a Jewish environment. His grandfather was a rabbi. Little Isaac did not like fuss. He often wandered around the outskirts, admired the sunset and waited for the appearance of the first star. He was unleasable and communicating with people preferred communication with nature. He did not like to sit at home, and in the family he was considered not a normal child.

He dreamed of a beautiful and huge world. He grew up in contrary to his environment. The family, meanwhile, was terribly in poverty. And then his father decided to risk - to leave for Moscow. In Moscow, we stopped at a hodgepodge, in a huge house. The room was cramped and dark, a kerosene lamp was baked. It was cold and dreary in Moscow. I recalled Kibarts with spacious Dali. Isaac went to school.

He gradually got used to the big city, began to notice that Moscow was beautiful. At 13, he enters the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. He succeeded in “art classes”, where his successes were always noted. But at this time his mother dies, and soon the father of Typho is dying. At 17, he remains absolutely poor. He is excluded from the school for non -payment for training.

Nevertheless, friends-Students find the right amount for him, and Levitan continues to educate. The school frees the young man from training fees. He spent the night, hiding from the watchman, here, on the top floor. He had no home or his corner. After some time, A. Savrasov took Levitan to the Union workshop. He had no bounds happiness. Levitan from now on is a devoted student of Savrasov.

The first exhibition in which Levitan participated took place in the year. The criticism received a high rating of critics “Autumn” and “overgrown courtyard”. The beginning was brilliant. His path was also quite determined - he will write “Portrait of Russian Nature”. In the year, he lives in Saltykovka, Moscow Region, travels daily to Moscow on a “cast iron” and works hard.

And his zeal was rewarded. Tretyakov noticed a young landscape painter. He acquired his picture “Autumn Day. Sokolniki ”for rubles. The artist is 19 years old and he must earn a living. Therefore, he wrote paintings for the buyer daily, frightened the market landscapes. And again, luck - acquaintance with Savva Mamontov, who invited Levitan to write decorations together with V.

Vasnetsov to the opera "Mermaid" of Dargomyzhsky. The premiere of the opera was brilliant. For work, Levitan received the amount sufficient for a trip to the Crimea. He wrote the harsh Crimea, and his 50 Crimean studies made him success in Moscow. He became famous as a landscape painter. The unfortunate love for the young artist Sofya Kuvshinnikova forces Levitan to flee from social life and settle on the Volga.

He writes "Evening on the Volga." He writes the spaciousness, will and freedom, which corresponded to the heroic scope of the river. Levitan “discovered”, as everyone believes, this stagnant Volga town - Ples.

Levitan writes a rosy evening, a river, embraced by sunset. He writes mysterious peaceful antiquity. He writes "Birch Grove", and "after the rain. Ples ”,“ overgrown pond ”. The painting "Evening. Golden Ples ”was amazing. Here everything is intertwined with everything - in a certain golden haze, water and the sky are bathed. On the banks of the Volga, an evening fog is creeping.

The joy of the day and sadness of the evening seem to be intertwined with each other. This beauty is silent and pure. He will leave for Moscow and again with Kuvshinnikova will return to the Volga. He is now writing easily and good. Now this is a Yuryevets. The ancient city of old legends. There he came across an old monastery. The painting “Quiet Abode” was born - a polyphonic church is buried in greenery in sunset rays.

And everything is cheerful here. The painter Polenov recommended him to the Wanderers - Levitan went to St. Petersburg for the solemn lunch of the partnership, where he was admitted to his ranks. He is now constantly participating in annual exhibitions of the Wanderers. The next summer, Levitan, along with Kuvshinnikova, settles in the country in the Tver province, in the lull.

There was not far a dam, shrouded in a legend about the drowned daughter of Melnik. All summer, the artist is working on the picture "At Omut". And in the year he lives in the village of Gorodok near the Boldin of the Nizhny Novgorod Railway. The painting "Vladimir" is born there - a picture of the road of sadness, about the road of convicts. In March, Levitan goes abroad - Vienna, Nice, Paris ...

There he acutely understands that “there is no better country than Russia! Its canvases are light - “March”, “fresh wind. Volga ”,“ Golden Autumn ”. The Levitanovskaya "Spring - Large Water" was the top landscape painting. In hollow water, flooding the trees, the huts, an empty boat sways softly, stretch upward, into an unthinkable height, the branches of still bare trees.In less than 25 years, Levitan wrote about a thousand paintings, sketches, drawings.

European fame comes to Levitan a year-he is elected a member of the Munich Setzession, the next year, an academician of painting, is invited to lead the landscape class in the school, which he once graduated. Levitan works a lot, but its ailment is a severe heart disease becomes more and more. At the end of July, Levitan's heart stopped. Serov came to the funeral from abroad, and Nesterov in distant Paris survived a mourning post at his work at an international exhibition in Paris.