Biography Rustem Mardanov

Rustem Mardanov. Born on May 9 of the year in Ufa. He graduated from the Ufa Aviation Technical University with a degree in engineer-economist. Candidate of Economics. In the year - an engineer of the Department of Economics and the Organization of the Machine -Building Production of the Ufa Aviation Institute of the Ugat. In the years - a senior teacher, head of the department of production department of Bashkir State University.

In the years - the head of the sector, the head of the department, the deputy chairman of the National Bank of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In the years - First Deputy Minister of Economics and Antimonopoly Policy of Bashkortostan. In the years - First Deputy Chairman of the National Bank of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Since the year - Chairman of the National Bank of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Honored economist of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Cavalier of the Order of Friendship. The Ufa conference has become in recent years, probably one of the most effective meetings of bankers in terms of potential efficiency. However, I would like to understand the horizons of this process. Banking standards will appear, or is it an eternal process? That is, banks already use these standards.

Another question is, is it wide enough? The circle of banks introducing quality standards, for now, is really not too wide. Somewhere-five, somewhere-ten, somewhere-fifteen banks use certain standards. What is the reason? To some extent, this is a logical feature of the first stage of development of standards. At this stage, the methodology for the introduction of standards should be developed and their pilot implementation occurs.

And this stage ended last year. Participants in the process, headed by the Association of Russian Banks, expect that the stage of mass implementation of banking standards into practice will begin from the year. How much, in your opinion, the Institute of Banking Standards can be viable? After all, there is no self -regulation in the Russian banking market, which means its “main standard” is to comply with the instructions of the regulator.

There is no self-regulation of de jure.

But de facto it is present in business processes, this is normal, this happens in any business. There are a huge number of business asti that are not at all predetermined by “from above”-by law or regulator. And here a huge field for standardization opens. For example, banks create the pools of interbank lending, within which interaction standards are used.

Or the best practices for providing, for example, consumer loans are borrowed by market participants and actually become standard. For appraisers or lawyers, he violated professional standards - you risk flying out of the community. And the banks? Initially, the concept of quality standards did not provide that a certain Damocles sword hangs over the bank: you do not meet the standard - go away.

The “qualities” initiative itself does not imply this: after all, a quality product or activity is possible only if you deliberately want to correspond to the expectations of consumers and other interested parties. Therefore, we count on the internal interest of the bank in accordance with the standards. Suppose the standard of organizing internal control is adopted at the bank.

Interested persons - governing bodies, shareholders. If someone inside the bank does not use, does not adhere to this standard, then the leadership punishes it, for example, it dismisses it. Here at this level an element of responsibility arises. At the conference, the idea sounded that, they say, there is no need to standardize products, since products are a competitive environment.

And here the bankers are clearly cunning. The catering is also competition, but there are mandatory products of products. For example, do you have to indicate the output of the dish in grams in the menu ... in your opinion, products are possible? Natural incentives should arise for creating products. What are these incentives? For example, the ability to get refinancing for standardized products.

That is, just as this is already happening with Aijk. There is a standard for mortgage loans adopted by AIZHK. No one forces him to accept. But, if you want to refinance to AIZHK, if you please correspond. I suppose this is one of the most effective mechanisms. That is, you need to create a gingerbread. In this case, the gingerbread is that when standardizing the product, the bank has the opportunity to attract financing.

At one of the sections of the March Conference, it was said about this - projects of secreitization of loans to small and medium -sized businesses are being prepared. If such transactions begin to be carried out, they will be based on just the developed standards of lending to the SMEs. The Bank of Russia welcomes this approach. You know that the Central Bank is working to expand the assets pool under which you can issue loans to the Bank of Russia.

The Central Bank is interested in the market there are more standardized products under which loans can be issued. This is an important incentive.The second incentive is to negotiate with regulators who work in the field of consumer protection, with Rospotrebnadzor that they also recognize the standards and evaluate the activities of banks in accordance with these standards as appropriate practice, which protects consumer rights.

At previous conferences, representatives of Rospotrebnadzor spoke theoretically for such an approach, but at first they would like to see these standards in order to evaluate their compliance with the approaches of Rospotrebnadzor. The ideas of more and more new standards are born. Maybe it makes sense to combine certain private standards into aggregated and somehow indicate the limits of the number of standards?

After all, if this whole process turns into a hundred standards, it is probably too much ... is a question that is also discussed at the conference. How many standards should it be, how many details should they be? So far, the question is debatable. So far, let's say, for us it continues to “collect stones”, and not the time to scatter them. Although formatting of individual directions has already begun.

For example, the Information Security Forum from the Ufa Conference was “saved”. There are three main regulators on this topic: they agreed that if the bank introduces the information security standard, then it is considered the relevant regulatory requirements, and it will not be subjected to excessive inspections. So everything goes its own way. But you are right in the sense, and this, by the way, is embarrassing that this method of implementing banking standards does not immediately ensure all -leature, is not obvious along its borders and does not immediately create the same follow -up to the rules, as the law does, for example.

But, on the other hand, if this process goes from below, there is a hope that such a practice will be more stable - like everything that is born not under pressure. Now she, of course, is “stalled”, but obviously it will be reanimated from time to time. Do you think the creation is possible? But not in the form, as proposed in the appropriate bill. The bill was written as if there are no banking regulation by the Central Bank.

In our opinion, the institution of banking self -regulation should be slightly different. At one time, Mikhail Igorevich Sukhov came up with the idea that in the banking sector self -regulation should apply to those areas that are not subject to regulation of the state. In this regard, it is quite viable. An example is a consumption zone. There is a wide understanding that the law on consumer lending is needed.

That is, it became obvious that important relations between banks and borrowers were not adjusted. As a result, the legislator regulates this sphere in a strict way. I do not exclude that in the end this can happen in such a way that the conscientious banking business will be damaged. Although, by logic, the relations of banks with consumers do not have to regulate the law. Here the self -regulation system would be appropriate.

But only for this, consumer lending standards should first arise that would not have damaged consumers, and the law would be punished only for deviations from the conscientious practice accepted in the standard, but would not describe this activity. So the existing institution of regulation and self -regulation should rather not replace, but supplement each other.

Therefore, I believe that self -regulation has a prospect, and it is based on the standards. What is your position? Sergei Mikhailovich Ignatiev repeatedly emphasized that at the moment there is no obvious correlation between the degree of stability of the bank and the size of its capital. With less capital, you can organize activities so that the volume of risks will be even more moderate than with a large capital.

It all depends on the organization ... but from the point of view of how banking activities itself develops, we see a constant tendency to reduce the bank margin. Therefore, it is increasingly difficult to work with small capital under these conditions, since there is no sufficient effect of scale. This is only a guide for a year. I think this is normal - to indicate the landmark market based on objective trends.