Biography of Shore of Nogma

Nestor of the Kabardian history of Shore Bekmurzin Zhora, Shora Bekmurzin Zhumov - Kabardinsky Enlightener and public figure. Generously gifted with nature, he had a tendency to learn languages. And the more strangers learned, the better he understood the features of his native. He put his eyes into historical darkness in the hope of comprehending the past of his people and with no less hope worked on the grammar of the Kabardian language, dreaming of seeing his people free and enlightened in the future.

The year of the birth of Shor is definitely not known, researchers disagree from up to year. Place of birth - a generic aul on the Jutz River in the vicinity of Pyatigorsk. Nogmov’s father in a rather complex estate system of Kabardins was considered a “Warc”, that is, a second degree Uzden, or, according to our concepts, a small nobleman. Schora received the original Muslim education in the Madrasah of the Dagestan village of Enderi, where he met the main oriental languages.

For some time he performed the duties of mullah in his native village, but soon abandoned spiritual activity, preferring the translator in the 1st Volga Regiment.

Then for two years he taught at the school of Amanas of children-hostile children in Nalchik. Subsequent events have changed his life abruptly: from April 1, Niegov is listed as a squire, that is, the ordinary Life Guards of the Caucasian Goro Semi-Exorn in St. Petersburg. Shor did not make an enviable military career. Participating in the Polish campaign of the year, he had differences, and in February he received the first officer rank of Cornet.

Three years later, he was transferred to a separate Caucasian corps as a cavalry lieutenant and first served in Tiflis, and then five years in Nalchik by the secretary of the Kabardian Temporary Court. With the dismissal of this position in the year, he was promoted to staff captains. Let's say a few words and about the rewards of Nogmov in Russian military service. Sometimes you can read that for the Polish campaign he was awarded the Order of St.

George. This is not entirely true: how the lower rank he did not have the right to such a reward and received not the order, but the insignia of the military order, that is, the soldier of the St. George Cross. Then, like other participants in the suppression of the Polish uprising, Nogmov was awarded and the distinction of the Order of the Military Dignity of the 5th degree, which was the same silver cross.

The biographer of Schora A. Berget also reports about his rewarding in the year a gold medal on the Annenskaya tape with the inscription "For zeal". For accuracy, we add that this is most likely the medal “For Zeeping Service”, established back in the reign of Alexander I to award noble representatives of the national outskirts of the empire. Subsequently, the commander of the Caucasian corps of the city of Rosen granted Nogomov the gold watch.

The hard work and diligence of the show in the service has repeatedly been marked by the authorities. The internal meaning of his life and the main direction of his mental activity was not at all in his career career. In St. Petersburg, he deepened his knowledge in various languages, working on the realization of his cherished dream - the creation of the first Kabardian grammar.

In Tiflis, Shor met Academician Linguist A. Shegren, and their language classes continued to mutual benefits. He created the Kabardian alphabet on the basis of Russian, and then Arabic graphics and wrote the “initial rules of Kabardian grammar”. It is known that Nogmov worked in poetic genres. Nogmov is a passionate poet himself, ”Academician Shegren brought into his diary,“ so he is engaged in me for the most part with poems, partly his own work, and partly translations from Russian.

” Shora translated into the Kabardian language of Russian and Arab poets, but his poetic works in writing were almost never preserved Kabardian writing only in Soviet times. The main work of Nogmov, his “miraculous monument” is the famous “history of the Adyheic people, composed according to the traditions of the Kabardians.” In the year, Shora took a new trip to St.

Petersburg to present his completed work to the Academy of Sciences and publish them, but these plans were not destined to realize: in the capital, his nails became seriously ill and died soon. His grave remained unknown. In a brief preface to his book, Shor wrote: “Having often a chance to participate in public conversations, I eagerly listened to the story of our old people and over time managed to collect many traditions and songs heard from them.

Well familiar with the languages ​​of Arabic, Turkish and Russians, I dismantled them in relation to historical facts and arranged them in chronological order. At the same time, I translated some songs into Russian, adhering to their literal meaning as possible as possible with the properties of both languages. I managed to compose from all the gathered, although a brief, but rather clear picture of the past life of the Adyheic people and, if I decided on this work, then the only one of the sincere desire to react my compatriots to mental classes in the field of science, which is one who is able to show them all the benefits of education and education.

”For the first time, the book saw the light of the year in Tiflis and was released in Russian edited and with the preface of the outstanding Caucasian scholars of Adolf Petrovich Bergeta in only twenty copies. One of these invaluable relics is now stored in the Book Assembly of the Pyatigorsk Lermontov Museum. Subsequently, the work of Nogomov was repeatedly reprinted, including in the year in Pyatigorsk - the son of the writer Yerustan.

In the preface, Nonseur, who, like his father, who became an officer of the Russian service, responded about the need to release the “history ...” in the world: “Most Adygheans and, in particular, Kabardins about their past or did not know anything about it, or has the impossibility of a vague and confused representation, this is why and inferior to the desire of many honored and best people of modern Kabarda, I decided to publish this book.

And thus, to call the past from oblivion again about the dear to us of our relatives, the generations of which, under the crime of beneficial Russian power, were freed from heavy slavery, got rid of the right of strong and now calmly succeed in the field of peaceful labor and civilization. ” In Soviet times, the publication was also carried out in Kabardian. And one more.

Ending the biographical essay of Nogmov, Academician Bergeta left an authoritative remark: “Some Kabardians tell, who personally knew him that he met Pushkin during his being in Pyatigorsk; That Nogmov contributed to the poet in collecting local folk traditions and that the poet, in turn, corrected Nogamov, the translation of songs from the Adyhay language into Russian repeating after the Berger these words with a greater or lesser degree of confidence, the authors diverge in the determination of the date of this possible meeting or years - the time of Pushkin’s stay in the Caucasus, and sometimes offer its new place - Petersburg.

Moreover, the most courageous called Zhilomov and the prototype of the Pushkin basite, apparently, a Chechen, the apostate of the mountain customs, alas, no documentary evidence of all these fantastic versions. The judgment seems more fair to us that the meeting of Shor in Pyatigorsk with one of our main poets is nothing more than a legend that arose, however, on a real basis: on the waters of his nails he really met a Russian poet and conducted philological conversations with him.

It was Stepan Dmitrievich Nechaev by the way, the Petersburg acquaintance of Pushkin, who placed his notes in the Caucasus on the pages of the Moscow Telegraph in the year on the pages of the “Moscow telegraph”, the excerpt from which we offer the reader’s attention: “Circassia is written in their own language in Arabic letters. Their disadvantage to express all the sounds of the Circassian language, abundant with nasal and laryngeal warehouses, makes you want to have a special alphabet to be invented for the Kabardian tribes.

One of their udrens, engaged in different trading on hot waters, known to all the visitors of Shor, intended to present to the government the experience of such an alphabet to print the ABC, he wanted to engage in the rules of grammatical and translations from Arabic different moral books for reading. Being devoted to the Russian power and proved his fidelity to participate in our expeditions and so on.

Military documents retained an impartial and more detailed description, it is said that the nails are “face white, pockmarked, eyes are light blond, mediated nose, hair on the head and eyebrows are black.” As far as all this converges with the truth, it is now difficult to judge, since there is apparently no image of the appearance of Nogmov left, and his portraits published in our time are probably only a conditional reconstruction of the appearance.

The creations of Nogomov have not lost their significance to this day, forever providing the author of the honorary and honored title of “Nestor of Kabardian history”.