Reinhard Gelen Biography

Aufklerun-group-reconnaissance group. Insurgogrung-group-a group of uprising organizers. In fact, the whole structure, only with small changes, and, most importantly, the basic principles of the underground work of “Werwolf”, General Gelen and his people carefully copied the Polish Polish army of Kraiova, considering her experience of illegal activity against the German intelligence services the most successful.

However, all attempts to transplant the experience of the partisan movement in Poland to Germanic ground turned out to be absolutely impossible and one after another suffered a complete fiasco. However, not everything is so simple and unambiguous. Many Western researchers, not without good reason, believe that “Werewolf” nevertheless played a serious role, but not at all the plan, as they are accustomed to officially.

By and large, this turned out to be a well -thought -out multi -way action: it distracted the attention of the Nazi leadership and special services, to a certain extent untied the hands of Gelena himself and allowed him to personally and a number of his close interference to become true “Werlets”! In the early January of the year, Gelen and the department accompanying him arrived in the city of Tsossen, located about two dozen kilometers from Berlin.

Previously, General Gelen ordered to secretly copy all the archives and dosside of the intelligence department of the General Staff, up to the photograph and magnetic records. Everything was hidden in three different reliable hiding places in Germany. Then, in front of the employees of the RSHA, almost all the dossier and archives of the Fremle Heeer UE intelligence department defiantly passed through paper -cutting cars and burned.

After some time, from Tsossen, to the south, to the area of ​​the Bavarian-Austrian border, where the Alpine Fortress was located, a small motorcade was published in which General Gelen was located. The cars were moving unhindered, as they had special passes. In the mountain town of Misbach, General Gelen divided his employees into three groups and sent each mountains along his route. Any of his scouts knew that if he was captured, he should not report any data about himself without a written order of General Gelena, who went to the Elendsalm mountain shelter, where he spent the time remaining before the surrender of Germany, waiting for the approach of the Anglo-American troops.

Moreover, Gelen turned out to be so cunning that he managed to secretly launch his paw to the holy saints Walter Schellenberg and some other departments of the RSHA. With such a “product”, General Gelen expected to successfully carry out his own Werewolf operation. And, in general, I was not mistaken. When American troops occupied this part of Europe, Gelen did not want to give up to anyone.

He needed any of the leaders of intelligence or counterintelligence. But the first young captain of the American counterintelligence he met sent Gelena to a prisoner of war camp. There, fortunately for Helen, in July, he met with a brigade general, chef G-2 military intelligence in the American occupation zone of Germany Edwin Luther Siber. Gelen shared his ideas with his joint struggle against the Soviet Union.

This coincided with the ideas of General Siber himself. He introduced Gelena to the chief of staff of Eisenhower General Walter Bedell Smith, known for his anti -Soviet sentiments. They talked for a long time and mentally. As a result, in September, Gelen flew to the United States with six assistants. There they met with the chief of American military intelligence, Major General George V., Until July, negotiations and other preparatory work was carried out in Washington.

At the same time, the former “ally” of Gelena German Baun under the control of General Sibert, secretly from Gelen, created a small group of intelligence and contract. Her headquarters was in the Taunus Mining massif. Active work began in March of the year. In July, Gelen returned to Germany. By this time, the Americans authorized and agreed to finance a single intelligence organization led by Gelen.

Baun and Wessel were appointed by his assistants. So was born og. The British tried to create a similar organization. But they didn’t succeed. Her boss Adolf Vikht, together with his subordinates at the beginning of the year, moved to Oi. Among the conditions in which the OG was created were the following: 1. The organization is funded by the American side ... In return, the organization transfers all the results of intelligence work to the Americans ...

At first, OG acted in Taunus, in December of the year its headquarters moved to the Rudolf Hess estate in Pullah, not far from Munich. Herman Baun Gelen eliminated his rival in December, under the pretext of financial violations. Gradually, the Hesses' estate ceased to arrange the overgrown service of Golen. He was attached to him the former residence of Martin Borman “Russian Agent” by the definition of Gelen, and then they built a number of new buildings for the work and housing of OG employees.

This village was called the "camp of St. Nicholasus", since it was populated on December 6, on St. Nicholasus Day.Receiving food supply, as well as dollars banned for circulation among the Germans, many employees of the OG and their wives with speculative transactions. At the same time, even such cases were flooded in collusion with the military police: they bought goods from the speculator for dollars.

Immediately, the speculator grabbed the military police and removed the dollars, which the owner returned, leaving part of the prey to herself. Specified coffee in the black market, engaged in smuggling. A large process took place in the year, but neither General Gelen nor his organization were named on it. It cost them a considerable amount, but the OG remained unsystalized.

Of course, OG employees were engaged not only in speculation. Their main task was the struggle against the USSR. It was conducted both along the line of military espionage, mainly against the group of Soviet occupation forces in Germany, and along the counterintelligence line. Political intelligence was conducted and working with two agents. Since its creation, OG maintained close contacts with the CIA, supplying it with additional detailed information about the USSR and socialist countries, whose collection was difficult for Americans.

They were a serious help during the Cold War. He also established close contacts with emigrant anti-Soviet organizations: the NTS People’s Trudovaya Union, the UPA Ukrainian rebel army and others. After education in the year of the GDR, the Geleen organization became especially important for Americans. Log bowed to the west of several large figures: in April of the year, Johanna Krauss, a responsible employee of the Foreign Intelligence of the GDR, and in September, Deputy Minister Hermann Kartner.

Now the service was financed not from the American, but from the Federal budget of Germany and acquired greater independence. Of course, with one hundred percent accuracy it is impossible to talk about what the organization of Helena from a year to a year has specifically did. Basically, one can only guess, taking into account that in the West during the Cold War, experts in Russia were greatly in demand.

It is known for certain about the participation of "Gelenorg" in the Operation "Mastard", during which prominent scientists moved from Germany to the United States. But these bloody experts, apparently, were able to justify the trust of the United States rendered by them, were able to apply their knowledge and experience in order to avoid the Nuremberg Tribunal and Honored Punishment.

Thanks to the United States, Gelens and his associates survived to a very old age, received state awards and enjoyed the respect of their colleagues. The United States during this period, as usual, applied its policy of double standards, closed their eyes to the bloody crimes of their new wards only because they had information that could help the Americans in the Cold War against Soviet Russia.

Such a post -war US policy is completely leveled by the already small contribution of the Americans to the victory over the Nazis. It is no coincidence that the son of the former chief of the General Staff, Lieutenant Colonel Hinz Gunter Guderian, the nephew of Kaiser, General, Colonel Ludendorf, former General of the Nazi Wehrmacht Adolf Hoizinger, who later became the first General General Inspector Bundeswehr, and many others, found refuge.

In addition to this, Gelen provided for the conduct of counterintelligence within the country, which strengthened its influence, especially during the “witch hunt”, and gave the right to access to the first federal chancellor of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany Konrad Adenauer. Og, under what name it was listed, had a huge number of agents. Only one General Mission of OG in Karlsruhe had forty -two sources that acted directly in East Berlin and the Soviet occupation zone.

It also had sources, gunners, couriers and other agents in neutral Austria and Switzerland, in France and Yugoslavia. In addition, agents in the political and economic spheres within Germany and in West Berlin, in ministries, governments of land, in police and border troops, in political parties, trade unions, in diplomatic missions of the Bonn state abroad were recruited. With the growth of his significance and influence, Gelen began to show “non -ism” in Russian more and more: “Well, how not to be able to have a native man?!

Gelen trusted all the leading posts only to his old associates, mainly to former officers of the General Staff and Abwehr. They led the units, sometimes replacing each other. Fabricity especially proved itself after the creation of BND. In the Golena service, a real family clan was formed, which influenced the policy of secret service. German writers H. Hen and G.

Tsolling noted in their book Pullah from the inside: “Countless bonds connected the members of this Order with each other. Gelen, who was characterized by a sense of families, brought numerous relatives into the apparatus in Pullah. He really liked to act as a patron of marriage.So, he contributed to the marriage of his secretary with one of the high -ranking employees, who later became the general of the secret service.

" Katarina Gelen married his daughter to Colonel Dürrwanger, he is also the ESTUS, whom BNN made the head of the BNN in Bonn, that is, he appointed a position that gave the opportunity to make contacts in all spheres of the government apparatus. On the villa of Gelena, a family clan constantly met: three daughters, son, son -in -law, friends and secretary of the “Justus” Dürrwanger Veronika, daughter of the closest friend Gelena Wolf.

Golena’s brother, who received the nickname “Don Zhuan”, was a resident of the BND in Rome, where he distinguished himself with strange projects of introducing into the Vatican and the behavior corresponding to his nickname. Shurin Gellen, von Zeydlitz-Kurzbach, headed the BND personnel department and firmly held this position that most important for the “family”.

The most important thing in this “family idyll” was that during meetings at the villa developed a spy doctrine, tasks were compiled and distributed. In addition to members of his family, Gelen Radal Radal for the families of his old friends and colleagues. The sons of these friends were arranged in various syneched positions. They received an education at the expense of the BND and went to work under pseudonyms, which allowed to cover the fact that they were relatives of managers.

The Soviet intelligence officer Felfe, who worked with Gelen, recalled how one of these offspring was sent to a special task, which, as they said, was very important and secret. And during the transfer from Rome about the Olympic Games of this young man, they showed in all its glory on the rostrum of the stadium, where he should not have been. In the 10ths, the sunset of the Gelen era began.

A complete surprise for him and for his service was the construction of the Berlin wall. This was not only a moral blow to the prestige of the BND, but also deprived the service of the most important point for communication with agents operating in the GDR. The second blow was the arrest and condemnation in the year of the Soviet agent Felfe, who held a responsible post in the BND.