The biography of Didro is a philosopher
Denis Didro--French writer, playwright, philosopher-educator. I gained wide popularity due to its fundamental work "Encyclopedia, or the Explanatory Dictionary of Sciences, Arts and Crafts." Denis Didro, whose biography was an example of selfless service to the ideas of education, was a fierce opponent of the church and a religious worldview as a whole.
Childhood and youth Denis Didro were born on October 5 in the French city of Langr in a knife -maker family. The boy from an early age was very smart, and the parents decided that the son would become a priest. So Denis entered the Jesuit College, in which he studied the relationship of the universe and man. After the college in the year, Didro received a master's degree in philosophy.
During the training, Denis Didro was a deeply religious person: he constantly observed the post, prayed a lot and even wore a fair -haired woman. But in the year, the attitude towards religion has changed: abandoning the idea of entering the clergy, he entered the Law Faculty of Paris University. Literary work, the desire to connect your life with jurisprudence turned out to be fleeting.
In the x years, unexpectedly for all Didro decided to become a writer and translator. Father could not bear this blow and renounced the dissenting son. The next 10 years, Didro began to lead a bohemian lifestyle. He finally renounced religion in the year, when he learned about the tragic death of his beloved sister: being a nun, she died of overwork during the church service.
In - gg. The last work was the reason for the arrest of Didro, who was accused of "spreading dangerous thoughts." In the x years, Didro wrote the plays “Side Son, or testing of virtue” and “Father of the family”. In addition to philosophical treatises and plays, Didro wrote works of art: the novel “Jacques-Fatalist and its Master”, the dialogue “Ramo's nephew”, the story “The nun”.
Work on the “encyclopedia” Denis Didro became famous thanks to his stubborn many years of work on “Encyclopedia, or the explanatory dictionary of sciences, arts and crafts”, which became a kind of manifesto of the Enlightenment. In the course of work on the Encyclopedia, Didro tightly collaborated with Montesquieu, Russo, Voltaire, Holbach, with specialists in various fields of art and science.
For almost 30 years, he prepared 28 volumes of the Encyclopedia, personally writing about 6 thousand articles. When studying a brief biography, Denis Didro should mention the meeting with Empress Catherine II Great, who invited a famous philosopher to Russia. Didro proposed to the empress a draft system of public education, which was based on the principles of non -violation and free primary training.
Philosophical views in the whole work of Didro clearly traced his philosophical views. The main ideas of the French writer and philosopher include the denial of dualistic teaching, based on the separation of the spiritual and material principle. He believed that in the world there is only one matter, and all complex and diverse phenomena in life are the result of the movement of its particles.
Denis Didro had no doubt that the sacred history and all theological systems are falsification. He considered a false idea of the divine origin of power and zealously played for the constitutional monarchy, headed by an enlightened sovereign. Defending the ideas of atheism, Didro urged the king to abolish the church, which, in his opinion, adversely affects the state.
In the field of physiology and biology, Didro suggested that all living beings on Earth, including a person, go through various stages on the path of their development. Thus, the philosopher stood at the origins of the development of the theory of evolution. Denis Didro died on July 31 on 71 years of life. The cause of death was the emphysema of the lungs.
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