Biography of Baku Urmanche

Years of life: - 2 Baki Idrisovich Urmanche became the first professional artist and sculptor of Tatarstan, received a higher education and stood at the origins of the development of folk art of the region. Urmanche is distinguished by a valuable combination of artistic talent with perseverance and fertility. His legacy consists of several hundred paintings, hundreds of sculptures and thousands of graphic work.

During the life of Urmmanche, he was recognized as a real classic of Tatar art. His father was a mullah, and his mother was a craftswoman for folk crafts. The atmosphere in a large family surrounded by folk art, needlework and crafts contributed to the development of artistic talent in young tanks. After studying at the Madrases in Kazan, where there was no drawing, but one could get acquainted with the languages ​​and culture of the eastern peoples, Urmmanche was going to enter the Kazan art school, but did not go through the selection.

His path to art turned out to be a thorny: he had to work in the Ural factory, at the mine, teacher to ensure financial stability. He was able to start drawing classes only under the guidance of captured soldiers during the army service. In the years, he finally managed to enter Kazan art workshops, where he studied painting, graphics and sculpture. Following Urmanche was enrolled in the highest artistic and technical workshops in Moscow simultaneously for a course of painting and a sculpture course.

In parallel with this, he continued the study of oriental languages, and also took English and German lessons. Urmanche was one of the best students of the courses, received the highest points and often awards. Even during the years of study, he illustrated the collection of verses by the Tatar poet Gabdulla Tuka, who had a great influence on the personality and work of the artist and was a frequent hero of his works.

In addition, Urmmanche completed the project of the first coat of arms of the Tatar Republic. After graduation in the year, Urmanche got a job in teaching at the Kazan art and theater college and a ceramic studio founded under him. He also managed the educational part and was active in the leadership, so the technical school began to come to life and return to order. Urmanche played an important role in the support of beginner Tatar painters and promoted national art in every way.

His own creative searches were aimed at improving manners and studying the national topic. The artist wrote portraits and landscapes, created book illustrations, but his works of this period have been preserved little. One of the most famous is “at the separator”. The canvas gives in Urmanche an original painter with his own style and vision. He wrote paintings about the reality surrounding him, ordinary people, and states of nature.

Life in all its diversity was the main source of inspiration for the artist. The Museum of Fine Arts of Tatarstan 7 Urmansche became one of those representatives of the intelligentsia who signed a collective letter to Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin against the introduction of the Janalife - a new alphabet for Turkic languages ​​based on Latin in the house of Arab's everyday life. It cost him dearly: two years later, Urmanche was arrested and sentenced to five years in camps for nationalist ideas and inciting the razor.

Even in Solovki where he was sent, the artist tried to find an opportunity for creativity and interaction with other prisoners. These were interesting, multifaceted people with difficult destinies - their stories enriched their own life experience of the artist. Urmanche managed to leave the camp ahead of schedule - a year, after which he went to the capital, where he remained up to a year.

Here he continued to work, joined the Union of Artists, was engaged in the design of several pavilions of the All -Union Agricultural Exhibition. In his works, Urmanche was still busy looking for the possibilities of expressing his own experience and worldview. The Museum of Fine Arts of Tatarstan 9 shortly before the start of the Great Patriotic War, the artist was invited to Alma-Ata to create works by the centenary of the birth of the Kazakh poet Abay Kunanbaev.

In the war years and the first post -war decade, Urmanche had a hand in the development of the artistic and educational life of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, taught, continued to study oriental cultures, wrote portraits of contemporaries - important figures of these republics and heroes of the epic, landscape sketches, still life and genre canvas. He created works from gypsum, Ural marble, bronze and wood, in which he captured representatives of Tatar culture and folk stories.

Bucky Urmanche Museum 13 in the year Urmanche was the main designer of the Bolshoi Theater scene for the Tatar decade of fine art and literature. After that he was invited to return to the small homeland. Urmanche spent the last three decades of his life in Kazan. They marked the period of mature, bright work when he created the most outstanding works, singing folk culture and traditions of his native land, folklore plots and eastern figures.One of the peaks of his heritage is considered the “hay bazaar”, on a par with this picture stands the triptych “Tatarstan”, “the arrival of Ibn-Fadlan to the Bulgars” and other canvases.

Museum of Bucky Urmanche "Portrait of Abay", year. Museum of Bucky Urmmanche 15 Glory about the People’s Tatar artist, a real national hero, reached its climax by the middle of the X. He participated in many exhibitions, meetings with admirers of talent. However, Urmanche remained faithful to his work, exclusively hardworking and fruitful. He continued to create monumental paintings, make calligraphy, make illustrations and sketches, pencil sketches and write sketches.

The artist died on August 6 in Kazan, where he still rests his ashes in the Novoslobodsky cemetery. In their homeland, the memory of one of the founders of Tatar painting is honored: his name is the streets of several cities, a monument was erected in the year in honor of him, and a museum is opened in M.