Biography of Vladimir Vysotsky

The facts from his life are replicated, modified, and overgrown with myths. We tried to separate the truth from fiction and decided to look at his work through the prism of biography and vice versa. Two mothers Vladimir Vysotsky was born on January 25 of the year in the family of a personnel military seed and translator from the German Nina Vysotskaya in girlishness Seregina.

The marriage of parents lasted about six years: in the father of the future poet he was called up to the front and did not return to the family, since another woman appeared in his life. In winter, Go Nina Vysotskaya and Little Volodya ended up in the Orenburg region. The boy lived in a shelter. The mother, who worked in several shifts, often visited the child, necessarily with a mug of fresh milk.

In response, as the employees of the Vysotsky Museum say, he always had a piece of scarce sugar “for mommy” in his pocket. But with the second wife of Father Evgenia Likhalatova, a very warm relationship developed. Contrary to all the expectations, she did not become in the eyes of the stepson with an insidious homeless man. Since the year, Little Vysotsky lived with his father in the apartment of the stepmother, who was seriously engaged in his upbringing, including developing his musical gift.

Vladimir Vysotsky with his father and stepmother’s biographers have many guesses about why her mother gave her beloved son a stranger to someone else's woman and a male traitor. There were probably several reasons, but one of them was poverty. If during the war translators with German were in demand, then after they were out of work, and the profession itself became undesirable.

Nina did not work a lot in the specialty, received bread cards, which were not enough for the normal power of Volodya, and almost did not see her son. To give him to Eugene was the same act of maternal care as everything she did before. With her and father, Bard lived for some time in Germany in the city of Eberswald, from where he wrote to his mother: “Dear mom!

I live very well. I go to school, I try to study well. Dad makes me gifts. I already have two new costumes, boots and ponds. Tomorrow Aunt Zhenya will order me boots »Author's spelling. Evgenia Stepanovna invited the first music teacher for Volodya. She was the only one to the side of the stepson when he stated that she wanted to enter the theater. So, the upbringing of Volodya was engaged in Evgenia Stepanovna.

From the first days they found a common language, fell in love with each other, which I was glad, ”recalled Semyon Vysotsky. From childhood, Vladimir Semenovich himself believed that he had two mothers, and the women themselves found the strength to not tear the heart to the boy and did not force him to choose between them. Vladimir Vysotsky with classmate Vladimir Akimov “Building” for the intelligentsia, the majority of readers know Vysotsky as a songwriter.

But the “tattoo”, its first composition, appeared only in M, when the author was 22 years old. Before that, he performed other people's writings, and wrote poetry only for student cabbage. Although there are text and music “manuals for beginners and finished hack workers”, written by Vysotsky a year earlier. But the author himself excluded this song from his repertoire. The poet’s early lyrics are the works of the “thieves cycle”, flavored with thieves' jargon.

The thing is that the most different people flocked to Levona Kozheyan, one of the closest friends of Vysotsky: from the creative intelligentsia to the “lesson from the Danilovskaya Sloboda”. The young poet told his listeners about this world. In the year of Vysotsky, they invited a concert at the Russian Language Institute on Volkhonka. Linguists were one of the first to recognize his “thieves” poetics by a literary phenomenon.

And in parting, they gave the newly released, but already becoming a bibliographic rarity, Akhmatova’s Tomsk “Running of Time”. Yes, and with verses: “Who advocated the freedom of song? Vladimir Vysotsky in the film “Vertical” as a radio operator Volodya after the release of the film “Vertical”, where Vladimir Semenovich played the main male role and for which he wrote several songs, he became famous throughout the country.

The public’s love was huge and in an embrace with his guitar, he went down to the mines, performed in hospitals, could sing for four hours for prospectors of the gold mining artel, who came for the sake of him from distant mines. By the way, the case was in the Bodaibi taiga Irkutsk region, and on the day of the musician’s performance, local airlines were canceled: the pilots also wanted to listen to Vysotsky.

Influence of such popularity has fed interest in Vysotsky censors. In the year, a newspaper campaign began against him, in which Pravda, Soviet Russia and many other media participated. The poet was reproached for his “thieves cycle”, they called him the author of “fakes-recitivals under two or three picked chords”, “dirty and vulgar songs”. It got to the point that Vysotsky was attributed and blamed even those songs to which he had nothing to do.

He never waited for an individual collection of his own texts. Separate verses from the movies appeared in the magazine "Soviet screen", sometimes published even with chords in small city newspapers. At the end of X in Paris, the Almanac “Songs of Russian Bardes” came out, which included more than two hundred of his works.Whether the poet saw this collection is difficult to say.

But the other book - Metropol, published in just 12 copies - he certainly held in his hands and even went to the apartment to the chief editor of the collection Vasily Aksyonov. Despite the meager circulation, Metropol became a serious trigger for the authorities.

The poet was again in the thick of events, although he, who did not take place in the Union of Writers and the deprived of the right to publish, almost did not threaten repression. Vysotsky became a member of several administrative-contest cases. All of them are connected with his concerts and their unclean organizers who want to cash in on the popularity of the artist. The honest name of the musician did not stain.

But they reduced health and strength. Four sweaters and minus two kilograms for the performance, in addition to the musician, had Vladimir Semenovich and other important roles - the actor of the theater on Taganka and the performer of the role of Gleb Zheglov in the television movie “The meeting place cannot be changed”. Over his life, Vysotsky played in 20 performances “Taganka” and in 25 films, to most of which he wrote songs.

Vladimir Vysotsky at the rehearsal of the play “Pugachev” as a slap of Chlopushi Kinematographer for a long time was not among his main life priorities. In the year, he admitted in an interview: “Perhaps in this new life I would mostly write. From time to time I would ask to play on stage. Little by little I would sing for friends. Well, probably, she would have starred if there were interesting roles.

” Nevertheless, it was the movie that brought him both the success and the love of the audience, and a little later, in the same M, Vysotsky received an invitation to the role of Zhelov, where he tried himself not only as an actor, but also the director: he shot three episodes while Stanislav Govorukhin was away. The theater was a great love of Vladimir Vysotsky.

In the brand new Taganka, created by graduates and students of the Schukinsky school, he, the Moscow Art Theater, came after unsuccessful experience in the theater named after Pushkin and short -lived wandering in other scenes. They accepted him “as a native” and quickly began to trust the main roles, only Vysotsky’s addiction to alcohol prevented. Yuri Lyubimov many times announced the exclusion of the actor from the troupe - and many times resigned to the heavy dependence of his brilliant colleague.

Alcoholism almost put the participation of Vysotsky in the production of Hamlet. Although it was not only that. Despite the persecution, Vladimir Semenovich had become too famous by that time, and theatrical officials, worried, as if the audience would not create an idol, did not recommend him for the main role. Lyubimov had to get out and explain that Vysotsky is a very “earthly” actor, and this is exactly what is needed for a new performance.

Vladimir Vysotsky, in the role of Hamlet, in fact, Yuri Lyubimov united two disgraced geniuses in his production. And the main role was played by Vladimir Vysotsky. And how played! The audience came out dumbfounded, and the actor himself, according to the employees of the Vysotsky Museum, laid out so that he changed the element of the Hamlet costume for one production and lost about two kilograms in weight.

The death of Don Guan Hamlet was the last character, whom Vysotsky played on stage. But even before the performance, he felt ill and was replaced by Mikhail Lebedev. So Vysotsky remained in the walls of the "Taganka" Prince Danish. In the cinema, the latter was the image of Don Guan, the hero of Pushkin's “little tragedies”. Biographers see in this a special craft of fate. Vladimir Semenovich loved the author of Evgeny Onegin and the captain's daughter.

In her book “Vysotsky, or Interrupted Flight,” Marina Vladi wrote: “The only poet whose portrait hangs in your office is Pushkin. You collect only Pushkin's works. If you occasionally open a book to read, this is a book with Pushkin’s poems. If you quote someone's thoughts, then only Pushkin. The only museum that you visit is the Pushkin Museum. The only monument to which you carry flowers is a monument to Pushkin.

The only posthumous mask that lies on your table is Pushkin’s mask. ” It is interesting that Andrei Donatovich Sinyavsky, who handed over to his students a slightly panobratic attitude towards the classics, taught his literature to Vysotsky. So even the beloved Pushkin, as well as Nekrasov and Mayakovsky, Vysotsky parodied in his early poems. Vladimir Semenovich died on July 25 from the myocardial infarction, having managed to try on many masks in a short life, work in a few roles and become “their own” for both academics and a punks in the nearest gateway.

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